The Moon is in Libra all day (until Monday, September 5th, at 8:38 AM).
- The Moon is void from 8:30 PM forward (until 8:38 AM tomorrow).
- The Moon is waxing and in its New phase.
- A New Moon (solar eclipse) occurred on the 1st and the First Quarter Moon will occur on the 9th.
- Mercury is retrograde (Mercury is retrograde from August 30-September 22).
Times are EDT
Horoscopes
Aries

This is a good time for making useful connections, either with people or information, which help you improve your habits, work, or health, dear Aries. Aim to tidy up your affairs, set rules, honor or develop routines, and draw boundaries for best results now, and enjoy the knowledge that by structuring your life, you’re moving forward. Orderliness has become an empowering state for you, and paying closer attention to deadlines, details, and rules can be quite challenging but also very rewarding. While you’re looking forward to a brighter future, you are also looking to the past for answers and solutions. You’re also very relationship-oriented today. There can be some adjustments that help improve relationship dynamics today and tomorrow.
Taurus

Although Mercury is retrograde and you are experiencing some level of reserve as a result, dear Taurus, you are encouraged to take some creative risks and express yourself more spontaneously with the recent Solar Eclipse and today’s Sun-North Node connection. You may be making the right connections to further your growth in this regard. You may be connecting with information, tools, or people that/who help point you in the direction of growth and improvement. Romance could be in the air for some of you, which can open you up to new, more playful or joyous experiences and ideas. The past may have answers. In fact, you may bump into someone from your romantic past or an old friend, and this experience can in some manner allow you to move forward. There could be good word spread about a creative project. The Moon in your work and health sector all day ensures that you are getting to the right work-life balance.
Gemini

Mercury is retrograde in your solar house of home and family, dear Gemini, and you may be looking to the past and fixing problems that you’ve overlooked. However, the Sun aligns with the North Node today in this same sector, pointing you forward just as the recent Solar Eclipse has filled you with a desire to begin anew. It’s an important time for developing your sense of security, attachments to family, and home life. You may need to relax your expectations somewhat when it comes to outside world achievement and status if they’re unrealistic. Once you’ve honored, built, and nurtured your inner foundation or home base, you’ll be better equipped to succeed in your public and professional lives. You are opening up so that information coming into your life today can expand your perspective. You are developing more faith in your emotional life.
Cancer

Even though Mercury’s retrograde in your communications sector can point to some problems getting the right message across, dear Cancer, improving and refining your communications, projects, and knowledge are especially important to you right now. Your popularity can soar today primarily surrounding your ideas, skills, and knowledge, or the wonderful manner in which you communicate and connect. Even with Mercury retrograde clouding up some of our communications, there is an overarching theme in your life that involves improving your communication skills. This is a time for slowing down enough to sensitize yourself more carefully to what others need and want. You’re making connections with people and information that further your learning and networking opportunities, and there can be some nice gems to be found by going over, reviewing, and editing old projects.
Leo

There can be recognition now, as you are considered a real leader, particularly along business lines, dear Leo. As well, it’s a very good time for connecting with information or helpful people in order to improve your finances. You may be looking to the past for answers. In fact, in the process, you could discover a valuable resource you hadn’t noticed before. You are learning about what you truly value and how much you can depend on yourself and provide for you and yours. It’s a good time to review how you’re managing your resources, both material and otherwise (including your personal talents). Information that comes to you these days can help direct you on a path to more independence and a stronger feeling of security. Your attachments can come under scrutiny. If they’ve been tying you down, you’ll begin to see this with the events of this week.
Virgo

Today’s Libra Moon inclines you to seek out comfort and security, dear Virgo. Your emotions stabilize, although there can be moments when you feel a little on edge if plans seem to be out of your control or up in the air. Since November of last year, you’ve been learning much about your independence, personal courage, and effectiveness. Overcoming any existing fears of trusting your own instincts or going it alone may not always be straightforward, but it’s rewarding work. Today, connections may be made that point you in the right direction, whether it’s through a person, a chance meeting, information you come across, or a sudden realization. What you need to put behind you becomes apparent, as it’s whatever is holding you back from being free and independent. This is a time for being yourself without apology and nurturing your independent spirit.
Libra

The Moon is in your sign all day, dear Libra, and you crave a feeling of connectedness with the world around you. Even so, there has been a lot of attention to your inner world and private life recently, and you are learning to let go of unnecessary worry and guilt, and to trust in a larger, more spiritual plan. In the process, you may be healing, letting go, and forgiving something or someone from the past. You could be meeting people or experiencing synchronicities that point you in this direction today and this week. A connection might be made with a person who helps to build your confidence, or you could be inspired by something you read/hear to move past a difficult matter. There is a desire to take charge now. Growth and improvement are key themes now and this week.
Scorpio

Today can be a rather subdued time as you crave and need down time with the Moon in the sign just behind yours all day, dear Scorpio. Even so, you are encouraged to reach out and make connections now. Reconnecting with someone from your past may have the effect of moving you forward. Many of your valuable life lessons these days involve friendships, networks, and group connections. Today and this week, you might be meeting with people or situations that nudge you to learn, grow, and improve. Cultivating true friendships can be a goal now, or renewing and repairing old connections may figure strongly with Mercury retrograde in this same sector of your solar chart. This is a time for improving your connection to your community and the quality of your life.
Sagittarius

The Moon in your friendship sector tends to emphasize your social life today, dear Sagittarius, but there are potentially significant developments happening in your professional life now as well. You are encouraged to think in terms of long-term goals and plans, and having this strong sense of the future and what you’d like to make of it is essential to your general happiness these days. Today is strong for feeling that you’re growing, especially regarding your career, reputation, and responsibilities to others. You could be meeting people who further your goals, or you may be reconnecting with old ideas and projects that can help you better manage the present. It’s a time for polishing off and refining those projects already in progress with a sharp eye on the future.
Capricorn

You are especially goal-oriented today, dear Capricorn, as making plans tends to comfort you now. However, you’re not completely wrapped up in your practical affairs. The Sun’s connection with the true North Node stimulates the need to put old habits behind you. There are positive shifts occurring now, and you are more willing than usual to let go of things that have been holding you back from exploring new subjects and places. There could be people coming into your life with whom you are more able to openly share your thoughts and experiences, or a reconnection with people you used to know or subjects that excited you in the past. The month’s energies are unusual in that you’re called to break out of past patterns, yet you’re also encouraged to take care of unfinished business.
Aquarius

Today’s Moon influence is good for putting everything into perspective rather than sweating the small stuff, dear Aquarius. While you’re feeling a perhaps restless need to move about and try out new things, your emotional world figures strongly now. With the North Node in your solar eighth house since last November, a major theme in your life is the need for internal change. The Sun’s alignment with the North Node today points to a take-charge attitude and the possibility of meeting people or connecting with the right material and resources that help you on your way. This can be about getting rid of a bad habit or dependency. It’s helpful for you to recognize your attachments now and examine what or who you may be holding onto that is keeping you from feeling personally powerful.
Pisces

Relationships are once again in strong focus today, dear Pisces. This can be a time of looking at the past in order to move forward. It’s a positive period for dealing with your attitudes towards close relationships and partnerships. You could be meeting with the right people or discovering the right things that help move you forward. You’re likely to clearly see what has been holding you back from sharing yourself with others in healthy ways or forming close alliances. The challenge is to move beyond any fears of the demands others might make on you and embrace the benefits of relationships. Through partnership and cooperation with others, you will more likely achieve the inner balance necessary for you to achieve your goals. There may be experiences now that alert you to the need to move forward, learn, grow, and improve.
*Remember to read horoscopes for your Ascendant sign and Sun sign.
If Your Birthday is September 4th, If Today is Your Birthday full horoscope here.
The Details:
If you’re astrologically inclined and interested in the details of the Astrology of today, here are some of the factors considered in the forecasts:
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 0:00 am
Event: Moon in Libra
Description: The Moon in Libra
This is a time for seeking out balance, harmony, and peace. It’s also a time to express emotions gracefully, diplomatically, and considerately. There could be a stronger focus on a relationship, partner, or potential partner. The ability to see both sides of a situation or story is a positive, but indecision can be a byproduct. This is a sociable, artistic Moon.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 8:30 pm
Event: Moon goes void of course
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 1:53 am
Event: Tr-Tr Mon Pll Mer
Description: Transiting Moon Parallel Transiting Mercury
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 2:39 am
Event: Tr-Tr Mon Sqr Plu
Description: Transiting Moon Square Transiting Pluto
Deeper feelings emerge suddenly, and possibly in a disruptive way. We may be over-reacting or going to extremes. Wait for the tension to subside before taking action.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 4:04 am
Event: Tr-Tr Mon Sqr Ves
Description: Transiting Moon Square Transiting Vesta
We can be a little stiff with our emotions, and we can be distracted from our work or focus. There can be difficulty expressing tenderness, concern, or care.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 4:12 am
Event: Tr-Tr Mon Sxt Mar
Description: Transiting Moon Sextile Transiting Mars
We are more courageous and able to take the lead. We are in tune with our natural desires and instincts. We express our feelings honestly. We are independent, resourceful, and brave.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 1:25 pm
Event: Tr-Tr Mon Pll Jun
Description: Transiting Moon Parallel Transiting Juno
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 7:21 pm
Event: Tr-Tr Mon Qnx Chi
Description: Transiting Moon Quincunx Transiting Chiron
Hurt feelings may be opportunities for healing. Now is the time for building bridges, not burning them.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 8:30 pm
Event: Tr-Tr Mon Opp Ura
Description: Transiting Moon Opposition Transiting Uranus
Life may be a little tense right now. Avoid willful behavior if the situation doesn’t call for it. Remain open to new possibilities and all will be revealed. There could be a surprising revelation or turning point. Unpredictable responses from others (and ourselves). Emotional eruptions are possible. Not a good time to make permanent decisions, particularly about relationships.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 8:41 pm
Event: Tr-Tr Mon Tri Pal
Description: Transiting Moon Trine Transiting Pallas
There is a good ability to successfully combine logic and intuition, and to understand problems taking into account the human element. There is sensitivity to people’s issues now. Cooperation. Effective, sensitive decision making.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 10:57 pm
Event: Tr-Tr Mon SSq Sat
Description: Transiting Moon SemiSquare Transiting Saturn
We could feel burdened, restricted, or limited during this brief influence. We could be feeling a little down on ourselves, excluded, or lonely. There can be some awkwardness or stiffness and difficulty showing affection and feelings. Patience is a virtue right now; otherwise we might succumb to feelings of frustration and sadness. All good things come to those who wait.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 11:41 pm
Event: Tr-Tr Mon Sqq Nep
Description: Transiting Moon SesquiSquare Transiting Neptune
If we are not in touch with our need for inspiration, beauty, compassion, connection to something otherworldly, or our spirituality, we could feel out of sorts right now. Relaxing, listening to music, getting close to nature, or taking a break may resolve this.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 4:18 pm
Event: Tr-Tr Sun Cnj Nod
Description: Transiting Sun Conjunction Transiting North Node
We might come to realizations of personal or professional truths, and these can propel us forward on a new path, or advance our current goals. People tend to support and assist us now. We might recognize our need for others. This is a good time for setting goals.
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 4:18 pm
Event: Tr-Tr Sun Pll Nod
Description: Transiting Sun Parallel Transiting North Node
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 0:35 am
Event: Tr-Tr Ven Cpl Cer
Description: Transiting Venus ContraParallel Transiting Ceres
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 7:50 am
Event: Tr-Tr Jup Pll Chi
Description: Transiting Jupiter Parallel Transiting Chiron
Date & Time: Sep 4 2016 2:50 am
Event: Tr-Tr Nep Tri Jun
Description: Transiting Neptune Trine Transiting Juno
Strong Signs, Elements, Modes
VIRGO STRONG
Meticulous, discriminating, pure, practical, health conscious, hard working. Can be hyper-critical, petty and perfectionistic.
LIBRA STRONG
Even-handed, harmonious, artistic, diplomatic, balancing, strong sense of fairness. Can be over- compromising, appeasing, judgmental.
SAGITTARIUS STRONG
Inspiring, broad vision, enthusiastic, goal seeking, truthful, adventurous. Can be reckless, unrestrained, tactless.
BALANCE OF ELEMENTS
EARTH STRONG
We are especially in touch with the physical world. We consider what we’ve learned and experienced in the past in order to make the most of the present. We can be cautious, practical, and possibly unimaginative. We are deliberate and can pace ourselves well. We need hands-on experience and are not impressed with theory as much as we are with results. Routines are tolerable and comforting.
WATER WEAK
There may be some insensitivity or lack of empathy now. We may be out of touch with what we’re feeling or with our emotional needs. We may be tougher than usual now, and more inclined to follow mental or practical considerations than we are to listen to our intuition.
BALANCE OF MODES
FIXED WEAK
We may be open to change but may not have much follow-through.
MUTABLE STRONG
We are flexible, adaptable, willing, open to change, and possibly flighty or nervous.
Current Lunar Phase
LUNAR PHASE: NEW MOON
Moon 0 to 45 degrees ahead of the Sun.
This is an energetic, impulsive, and subjective period of time. We are looking for new projects and opportunities.
The following aspects (major only) and positions are at noon (EDT) on September 4th:
Note that when an aspect is applying, it has not yet happened but is within orb – it’s pending. When an aspect is separating, it has already happened/perfected and is moving away from the aspect. Depending on the speed of the planet/body involved, the aspect will have perfected, or will perfect, in a matter of hours (often the case with the Moon), days, months, and possibly years in the case of the very slow-moving outer planets and bodies.
Note that the Moon moves at a rate of approximately one degree every 2 hours, so that if an aspect involving is applying and has an orb of 5 degrees, the aspect will perfect (be exact) in about 10 hours. If the Moon is separating from an aspect with an orb of 2 degrees, it has already formed said aspect approximately 4 hours ago (since the following are positions at noon today, then it would have occurred at about 8 AM today).
**I suggest paying close attention to applying aspects. The energy of the aspect builds as it gets closer to exact. Once an aspect involving inner planets has happened, it’s over. Separating aspects are good to know for context, but in terms of energy that is with us today, applying aspects are most important. (This is the case for daily astrology influences involving inner planets, which pass quickly, and not natal astrology aspects, which are with us for a lifetime).
THE MOON
THE MOON IN LIBRA
We are focused on our relationships, and finding balance, peace, and harmony in our personal environment under this influence.
ASPECTS OF THE MOON
OPPOSITION URANUS Orb 4°15′ Applying
We can be moody, swinging between wanting to belong and wanting to be different or independent. We can feel a little off-balance if schedules and people around us are unpredictable or changing; or, we are restless with the usual routine and want to create some kind of stir.
SQUARE PLUTO Orb 4°41′ Separating
Unacknowledged feelings can emerge in possibly disruptive ways. We may be acting in compulsive or possessive ways now.
THE SUN
THE SUN IN VIRGO
You are an analytical and critical individual. You are also practical and discriminating, and may be fussy.
13TH DEGREE OF VIRGO
Part of Body: Hepatic arteries
Sabian Symbol: A powerful statesman wins to his cause a hysterical mob.
ASPECTS OF THE SUN
SQUARE MARS Orb 3°28′ Applying
You love to take risks and can be accident prone. You have difficulty discerning the difference between assertion and aggression. You may believe that you are simply stating your own case clearly, while others claim that you are being pushy. You need to find a healthy outlet for your enthusiasm and energy.
SQUARE SATURN Orb 2°21′ Separating
We can feel temporarily blocked or thwarted, and possibly less than confident. We might want to delay important decision making until a more enlightened, positive time.
OPPOSITION NEPTUNE Orb 1°58′ Separating
This a time for dreaming rather than important decision-making. It’s a good time to pay special attention to dreams and inspiration. Clarity may not be with us, but we probably don’t need it right now. It’s difficult to know for certain what we want, as we may be wavering. Confusion about a relationship or idealizing a person could figure strongly now.
TRINE PLUTO Orb 2°30′ Applying
You are a powerful person with strong leadership abilities. You know when to be assertive and when to compromise. You are able to apply yourself to the job at hand.
CONJUNCTION THE NORTH NODE Orb 0°10′ Applying
We might come to realizations of personal or professional truths, and these can propel us forward on a new path, or advance our current goals. People tend to support and assist us now. We might recognize our need for others. This is a good time for setting goals.
MERCURY
MERCURY IN VIRGO
You have a discriminating mind, and can be critical and analytical. You can also become obsessed with detailed knowledge. This may be to your detriment in daily life, although it is very beneficial for doing any kind of research. You like to be precise in your communications with others.
28TH DEGREE OF VIRGO
Part of Body: Hepatic plexus
Sabian Symbol: A bald-headed man dominates gathering of national figures.
ASPECTS OF MERCURY
CONJUNCTION JUPITER Orb 1°14′ Separating
You are talkative and have a thirst for knowledge. You have big ideas and plans. Education will feature largely in your life.
OPPOSITION CHIRON Orb 4°19′ Applying
There can be insecurity about our own ideas or decisions, or we may not know who/what to believe. Words, or lack of, can hurt right now. There is greater sensitivity to what is being said, choice of words, and syntax.
VENUS
VENUS IN LIBRA
You have a strong need for relationships. You will also require your relationships to be harmonious, peaceful, and creative. You enjoy having beautiful possessions.
7TH DEGREE OF LIBRA
Part of Body: Nerve supply to kidney and renal pelvis
Sabian Symbol: A woman feeding chickens and protecting them from the hawks.
ASPECTS OF VENUS
SEXTILE SATURN Orb 3°20′ Applying
You are a loyal and faithful partner. You like commitment and a common purpose in relationships.
MARS
MARS IN SAGITTARIUS
You are an inspirational leader, and have a strong desire for exploration and adventure. You may be one-pointed in your desires.
17TH DEGREE OF SAGITTARIUS
Part of Body: Sciatic nerve
Sabian Symbol: An easter sunrise service.
ASPECTS OF MARS
CONJUNCTION SATURN Orb 5°50′ Separating
You sometimes feel that it is hard to express your energy fully, that something always holds you back. There is a feeling of “bashing your head against a brick wall” and this is frustrating. You are ambitious, and have the ability to slowly but surely reach your goals. You also have the ability to organise yourself and others, and good self discipline.
JUPITER
JUPITER IN VIRGO
You have a strong desire to be of service, and high religious or spiritual ideals. You may also have an obsession with detailed perfection.
29TH DEGREE OF VIRGO
Part of Body: Quadrate lobe of liver
Sabian Symbol: A man gaining secret knowledge from an ancient scroll he is Reading.
ASPECTS OF JUPITER
OPPOSITION CHIRON Orb 5°34′ Separating
This can be a time when we are hungry for meaning and understanding, but it can be difficult to align ourselves with a personal philosophy or belief system that truly reflects our core. We might be led astray by beliefs and ideas now, or we might experience some form of crisis of faith.
SATURN
SATURN IN SAGITTARIUS
Saturn in Sagittarius asks us to take on the responsibility of living according to our personal truths and principles, and to be loyal to these. This is a time for turning a critical eye to those beliefs and principles that don’t accurately reflect our authentic selves. (December 23, 2014, to June 14, 2015, then September 17, 2015, to December 20, 2017)
11TH DEGREE OF SAGITTARIUS
Part of Body: Adductor muscles
Sabian Symbol: The lamp of physical enlightenment at the left temple.
ASPECTS OF SATURN
SQUARE NEPTUNE Orb 0°23′ Applying
Some feelings of disillusionment can come now as our dreams and ideals can be put to the test. Questioning our faith in our dreams can lead to lack of follow-through or wasteful activities and avoidance of responsibilities. Ideally, this crisis leads to a realignment of material goals and spiritual ideals as we assess what is truly meaningful to us.
URANUS
URANUS IN ARIES
The urge to start fresh, to break free from restrictive attitudes or circumstances, to totally redesign an area of our lives (or even our personalities), and to gain freedom through independence is strong during this cycle. (May 27, 2010, to August 13, 2010, then March 11th, 2011, to May 15, 2018, then November 6, 2018, to March 6, 2019).
24TH DEGREE OF ARIES
Part of Body: Zygomatic muscle
Sabian Symbol: An open window and a net curtain blowing into a cornucopia.
NEPTUNE
NEPTUNE IN PISCES
A long-term influence in which fantasy, imagination, compassion, and spirituality are in stronger focus. (April 4, 2011, to August 4, 2011, then February 3, 2012, to March 30, 2025, then October 22, 2025, to January 26, 2026)
11TH DEGREE OF PISCES
Part of Body: Lymph vessels of foot
Sabian Symbol: Men seeking illumination.
ASPECTS OF NEPTUNE
CONJUNCTION THE SOUTH NODE Orb 2°08′ Separating
You have a tendency to daydream and live in a fantasy world, possibly even escaping into the world of drugs and depression. Your quest in this life is to put your creative talents to positive use.
PLUTO
PLUTO IN CAPRICORN
Tests of our boundaries; breaking down and rebuilding structures and rules. (From January 25, 2008, to June 14, 2008, then November 26, 2008, to March 23, 2023, then June 11, 2023, to January 20, 2024, then September 1, 2024, to November 19, 2024).
16TH DEGREE OF CAPRICORN
Part of Body: Condyle of right tibia
Sabian Symbol: Boys and girls in gymnasium suits.
Chiron, Major Asteroids, and Moon’s Nodes: in Sign and in Aspect
CHIRON
CHIRON IN PISCES
Strong awareness of our own vulnerabilities and humanity stimulates compassion for others. (April 20 to July 20, 2010, then February 8, 2011 to April 17, 2018, then September 25, 2018 to February 18, 2019).
24TH DEGREE OF PISCES
Part of Body: Right distal tibio-fibular joint
Sabian Symbol: An inhabited island.
VESTA
VESTA IN CANCER
You are committed to your family and loved ones, especially when they need you. However, you may withdraw like a crab into your shell if you feel hurt by those closest to you. You enjoy working with those close to you.
16TH DEGREE OF CANCER
Part of Body: Pancreas
Sabian Symbol: A man before a square with a manuscript scroll before him.
PALLAS
PALLAS IN AQUARIUS
Your mind can be brilliant, original and insightful. You are able to quickly grasp new ideas and apply them to the future. You fight for your ideals, and humanitarian or political causes.
25TH DEGREE OF AQUARIUS
Part of Body: Left tibialis anterior muscle
Sabian Symbol: A butterfly with the right wing more perfectly formed.
JUNO
JUNO IN SCORPIO
You want an intense and sexual relationship. You want your partner’s total attention and demand a high degree of sensuality.
11TH DEGREE OF SCORPIO
Part of Body: Penis, Labia majora
Sabian Symbol: A drowning man rescued.
CERES
CERES IN TAURUS
You feel cared for when loved ones give you a sense of stability and security. You like to be touched and stroked, and nurtured in practical ways. You also like to show others you care through practical means.
6TH DEGREE OF TAURUS
Part of Body: Larynx
Sabian Symbol: A bridge being built across a gorge.
THE NORTH NODE
THE NORTH NODE IN VIRGO
This is a quest to become dedicated to the service of others. You will need to overcome the tendency to daydream and feel overwhelmed and to put your compassion and wisdom to practical use for humanity.
13TH DEGREE OF VIRGO
Part of Body: Hepatic arteries
Sabian Symbol: A powerful statesman wins to his cause a hysterical mob.
THE SOUTH NODE
THE SOUTH NODE IN PISCES
This is a quest to become dedicated to the service of others. You will need to overcome the tendency to daydream and feel overwhelmed and to put your compassion and wisdom to practical use for humanity.
13TH DEGREE OF PISCES
Part of Body: Plantar artery of left foot
Sabian Symbol: A sword in a museum.
*** CONJUNCTIONS TO SELECT FIXED STARS ***
Transits Sep 4 2016 – Event Chart
Aspects to Sun 12°Vi32 +06°51′
Cnj 11°Vi32 ZOSMA — A victim or a saviour
Aspects to Sat 10°Sg10 -20°27′
Cnj 09°Sg59 ANTARES *** Success which can be obsessive
Aspects to Plu 15°Cp02 -21°20′
Cnj 15°Cp33 VEGA Charismatic, magical, lucky
Aspects to Ves 15°Cn53 +20°39′
Cnj 15°Cn10 CANOPUS** The Path Finder
Aspects to BMo 11°Sc49 -11°09′
Cnj 12°Sc31 ALPHECCA Fruitfulness
Cnj 12°Sc05 ACRUX Focused on the physical world.
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